What is country of origin, and is it the same as where the goods shipped from?

No. Country of origin is the country where an article was made, produced or grown. Where it was shipped from, where the seller sits and where it was last handled are different facts, and tariff layers are tied to origin, not to any of them.

The definition

Under 19 CFR 134.1(b), the country of origin is the country of manufacture, production or growth of an article of foreign origin entering the United States. Work added in another country only changes the answer if it effects a substantial transformation.

For a good of a USMCA country, the part 102 marking rules decide the origin instead of that general test.

Why shipping route is not the answer

A product made in one country and shipped through a second has not become a product of the second. The definition looks at where it was made, produced or grown. A port, a warehouse or a seller’s address is not in it.

Why it matters on the entry

Special duties are tied to origin. A Section 301 action, an anti-dumping order and a USMCA claim each ask about origin in their own way, so a wrong origin can add a layer that does not apply or hide one that does.

Origin is also a marking rule. 19 U.S.C. 1304(a) requires imported articles of foreign origin to be marked so the ultimate purchaser in the United States can see the English name of the country of origin.

Common mistakes

  • Entering the country the goods shipped from as the origin.
  • Entering the country of the supplier’s address.
  • Treating "made in" on the label as proof for a different question, such as USMCA qualification.
  • Assuming the origin of the finished product is the origin of every material in it.

How the tools use it

The Tariff Calculator asks for the origin you declare and works out which layers apply from it. The tool takes your declared origin as given. It does not decide it, because that determination depends on facts about how the product was made that only the importer and broker hold.

Legal authority

19 CFR 134.1(b), Country of origin; 19 U.S.C. 1304(a), Marking of imported articles and containers; 19 CFR part 102 for goods of USMCA countries.

Related questions

Related terms

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