Producer-specific duties offsetting unfair pricing or a foreign government subsidy, set case by case.
Antidumping (AD) and countervailing (CVD) duties are trade-remedy tariffs the Commerce Department and the International Trade Commission impose after a formal investigation finds a foreign producer selling below fair value (antidumping) or benefiting from a countervailable government subsidy (countervailing). Unlike Section 301 or Section 232, an AD/CVD rate is not a flat percentage attached to an HS code — it is set per producer/exporter under a specific case number, and the same HS code can carry wildly different rates, or none, depending on who made the goods. An HS code appearing on an AD/CVD case's HTS list is not proof that a specific shipment is covered; the case's written scope decides that, and only a licensed broker or Commerce can make that determination for a given product.
Title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930, 19 U.S.C. 1673 (antidumping) and 1671 (countervailing), administered by Commerce and the ITC.
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